What does EORI stand for?
EORI stands for Economic Operators Registration and Identification number. It is the reference HMRC and other customs authorities use to identify a trader on customs declarations.
Who needs an EORI number?
Any business that moves goods into or out of Great Britain needs a GB EORI. If you trade with the EU or move goods to Northern Ireland you may also need an EU or XI EORI. You apply free of charge through HMRC, and you cannot complete an import or export declaration without one.
How it relates to classification
Your EORI identifies who is importing; the commodity code describes what is being imported and sets the duty and VAT. Both appear on every declaration, which is why getting the code right matters as much as holding a valid EORI.
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Frequently asked questions
No. A GB EORI is usually based on your VAT number (GB + VAT number + 000) but it is a separate identifier used specifically for customs.
Nothing — HMRC issues EORI numbers free of charge, usually within a few working days.